In 1946, Byron De La Beckwith married Mary Louise Williams with whom he had a son, Delay De La Beckwith. On February 5, 1994, white supremacist Byron De La Beckwith was convicted of the 1963 killing of Mississippi civil rights leader Medgar Evers. Two all-white male juries failed to convict Beckwith despite the evidence against him. Mr. Beckwith (whose Ku Klux Klan friends called him DEE-lay) was quickly linked to the killing. His father died of pneumonia when he was five years old. googletag.cmd.push(function() { Evers' widow, Myrlie Evers, had . (CBS/AP) As a Mississippi prosecutor, Bobby DeLaughter put away thousands of criminals including a historic victory against Byron De La Beckwith for the 1960s assassination of. Ivan Panin The laugh came then, a marvelous honking hoorah so infectious that Dill felt it should be quarantined. try { | Mississippi 4th Congressional District records, 1961-1966; Historical Society Library Microforms Room, Micro 793, Reel 3, Segment 69), DeMuth--Jerry DeMuth papers, 1962-1987 (Archives Main Stacks, SC3065), Freedom Information Service--WATS reports, January 1964-June 1964 (Freedom Information Service records, 1962-1979; Historical Society Library Microforms Room, Micro 780, Reel 1, Segment 1-4), Freedom Information Service--WATS reports,July 1964 (Freedom Information Service records, 1962-1979; Historical Society Library Microforms Room, Micro 780, Reel 1, Segment 5), Records that have the exact phrase Montgomery Bus Boycott, Records with the word integration that also contain the words Albany and/or Augusta, Records with the name King but not the name Martin, Records containing the phrase Freedom Rides and the name Carter, Records containing the words Selma and Lewis or Selma and Williams, Use quotation marks to search as a phrase, Use "+" before a term to make it required (Otherwise results matching only some of your terms may be included), Use "-" before a word or phrase to exclude, Use "OR", "AND", and "NOT" (must be capitalized) to create complex boolean logic, You can use parentheses in your complex expressions, Truncation and wildcards are not supported. (function() { We are miserable enough in this life without speculating upon another. Hi, Thelma's maiden was Lindsay. On February 5, 1994, Beckwith was convicted of Evers's murder. A jury convicted Byron De La Beckwith for the 1963 murder of Medgar Evers. Beckwith, once. A segregationist and member of the Ku Klux Klan, he shot and killed NAACP field secretary Medgar Evers on June 12, 1963.. Byron later became a leader in the segregationist Phineas Priesthood which was hostile towards Blacks, Catholics, Jews, and other foreigners. I slept and dreamt that life was beauty; I woke and found that life was duty. A retrial later that year resulted in another deadlocked jury. There was enough evidence to charge Mr. Beckwith with murder, but white juries in the Deep South of that era often ignored the facts when white defendants were accused of harming black people. Are you standing here and admitting to me that you killed Medgar Evers? } } When the jury of eight blacks and four white people returned a guilty verdict on Feb. 5, 1994, he appeared dazed, as though not sure where he was. //]]> Although originally from California, Beckwith bought seventy acres of rural property in Carroll County, Mississippi. Byron de la Beckwith, convicted in 1994 of gunning down Mississippi civil rights activist Medgar Evers in 1963, died Sunday night after being taken to a hospital from his jail cell. g = p.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; stylesheet.rel = "stylesheet"; googletag.pubads().setTargeting("grsession", "osid.370577de3920a05c16e98848a0a10b20"); Byron De La Beckwith, convicted three decades after the fact for assassinating civil rights leader Medgar Evers, died while serving life in prison. There are four questions of value in life, Don Octavio. I would never kill a deer. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. window.Mobvious.device_type = 'mobile'; Filming & Production googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); } else { Byron De La Beckwith (November 9, 1920 January 21, 2001) was an American white supremacist and Klansman who was convicted of killing civil rights leader Medgar Evers. A couple more days, I'll be back in my home in Signal Mountain, Tennessee, where I'll just sit on my porch and live out my days in peace and prosperity. In 1969, all the previous charges of murder that he was charged with were dismissed. Ghosts of Mississippi is a TV show that was first aired in 1970 . [CDATA[ And he - on the same night that President Kennedy told the nation that the grandsons of slaves were still not free, he was assassinated, shot in the back outside his own home, June 12, 1963. [from the trailer], Byron De La Beckwith In some cases, they may conflict with strongly held cultural values, beliefs or restrictions. Pronunciation of Byron De La Beckwith with 1 audio pronunciation and more for Byron De La Beckwith. This article was most recently revised and updated by Amy Tikkanen. Despite being subjected to threats and attacks, Evers and his family remained in Jackson, Mississippi. He was 80. During the course of his first 1964 trial, De La Beckwith was visited by former Mississippi governor Ross Barnett and one time Army Major General Edwin A. Walker." O caso do assassinato de Medgar Evers que ocorreu em 12 de junho de 1963 resultou em dois julgamentos que . He had suffered from numerous illnesses including high blood pressure and kidney disease. return true; If you write positive things about white Caucasian Christians, God will bless you. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("signedin", "false"); By. var gptAdSlots = gptAdSlots || []; googletag.pubads().setTargeting("sid", "osid.370577de3920a05c16e98848a0a10b20"); Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Byron De La Beckwith killed civil rights activist Medgar Evers in 1963. Medgar Evers was a member of the NAACP and the first field secretary for Mississippi. Read more. What if I did? The group was established with the aim of resisting integration and maintaining the exclusion of blacks from Mississippis political system. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". After the death of his alcoholic father in 1926, Beckwith's mother moved back to her hometown of Greenwood, Mississippi. g.parentNode.insertBefore(A, g) Byron De La Beckwith ( 9 de novembro de 1920 21 de janeiro de 2001) foi um estadunidense supremacista branco e membro da Ku Klux Klan. Two previous trials [] Letter, Byron de la Beckwith to President Eisenhower in favor of segregation, September 12, 1958 [Dwight D. Eisenhower, Records as President, White House Central Files, Bulk Mail Files, Little Rock and Other Schools - Segregation, Box 3, Folder 1; NAID #6092867] Photographs: | Beckwithwhose rifle was found at the scene, and whose fingerprint was on its scopewas quickly arrested. All Rights Reserved. Three decades later, justice was finally served when De La Beckwith was found guilty of Evers's murder and sent to prison in his 70s. In 1964, Byron was prosecuted twice for the murder of Medgar Evers, but both trials ended with hung juries. A "March on for Voting Rights" demonstration was held Saturday in the capital to mark the 58th anniversary of the historic "March on Washington" when Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech. When his mother died, he was reared by other relatives. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Byron De La Beckwith, Sr. (November 9, 1920 - January 21, 2001) was an American white supremacist and Klansman from Greenwood, Mississippi, who in 1994 was convicted of assassinating civil rights leader Medgar Wiley Evers on June 12, 1963. He was raised by his uncle, William Greene Yerger. var e = document.createElement("script"); e.src = "https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/41mrkPcyPwL.js"; document.head.appendChild(e); The jury this time consisted of four whites and eight blacks. The conviction happened after the jury saw evidence that included Beckwith's fingerprint on the murder weapon and hearing six witnesses share how he had bragged about killing Evers. OXFORD, Miss. "Events.Namespace": "csa", Byron De La Beckwith worked as a salesman to provide for his family. Follow AzQuotes on Facebook, Twitter and Google+. (function () { 94-KA-00402-SCT, 91-IA-01207-SCT. Marty Rubin. 1811 After George III was declared insane, the Prince of Wales became Prince Regent of England, and later George IV . The atmosphere in Mississippi was such that Beckwith received letters of support and donations for his defense fund while in prison. Beckwith is a fascinating and forthright subject, oozing old school Southern charm and bonhomie, extolling the virtues of the black nanny who basically raised him while remaining faithful to the racist attitudes handed down to him by his parents. Delphi Complete Works of Lord Byron (Illustrated), p.948, Delphi Classics, Lord Byron (2015). The reopening of the old cold case made DeLaughter a target of contempt and admiration by the American public. If you think you're broke, I'm broker, ask my broker. // page settings Each episode of Ghosts of Mississippi is 130 minutes long. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. He later sought judicial review at the United States Supreme Court, but it was denied. De La Beckwith was on trial for the murder of African American civil rights activist Medgar Evers, but an all-white jury was unable to agree on a verdict in both this and a subsequent re-trial. q("i", arguments) A guard overheard Mr. Beckwith tell the aide that ''if I could get rid of an uppity'' Medgar Evers, he would have no trouble dealing with the ''no-account'' aide. .__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.__prevent_empty_css_file{width:0}.authorModuleDropdownMenu{width:180px;border-left:1px solid #D8D8D8;border-right:1px solid #D8D8D8;border-top:1px solid #D8D8D8}.authorModuleDropdownMenu__dropdownLink,.authorModuleDropdownMenu__dropdownLink:hover{display:block;text-align:left;padding:12px;font-family:"Lato", "Helvetica Neue", "Helvetica", sans-serif;font-size:14px;color:#000000;cursor:pointer}#authorInfo{display:-webkit-box;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-box;display:box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-flex;display:-ms-flex;display:flex;padding:10px 10px 5px 10px}#authorInfo .authorInfoGroup{-webkit-box-flex:1;-moz-box-flex:1;-ms-box-flex:1;box-flex:1}#authorInfo .authorPhotoGroup{-webkit-box-flex:0;-moz-box-flex:0;-ms-box-flex:0;box-flex:0;margin-right:10px}#authorInfo .authorFollow{display:flex}#authorInfo .authorFollow .authorDropdownContainer{border-radius:3px;border:1px solid #D6D0C4;font-family:"Lato", "Helvetica Neue", "Helvetica", sans-serif;font-size:14px;-moz-appearance:none;-o-appearance:none;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;text-decoration:none;color:#333333;background-color:#F4F1EA;line-height:1;padding:8px 12px;font-size:16px;padding:12px 24px;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;margin-left:0px;padding:0px;min-width:38px;height:32px;background-image:url(/assets/down-caret.png);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center;float:right}#authorInfo .authorFollow .authorDropdownContainer:disabled{border-color:#DDDDDD}#authorInfo .authorFollow .authorDropdownContainer:hover{color:#333333;background-color:#ede6d6;text-decoration:none}#authorInfo .authorFollow .authorDropdownContainer:active{background-color:#D6D0C4}#authorInfo .authorFollow .authorDropdownContainer:disabled{background-color:#F3F3F3;color:#cccccc}@media (max-width: 540px){#authorInfo .authorFollow .authorDropdownContainer{min-width:20px;width:27px}}#authorBooks{*zoom:1}#authorBooks:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#authorBooks .sectionTitle{border-top:1px solid #CCCCCC;padding:10px 10px 0 10px;margin:0}.accordionContent{padding:0 10px}.authorBio{padding:0 10px;margin-bottom:10px}.authorBooksMeta{color:#999999;font-family:"Lato", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;padding:0 10px}.authorBooksMeta a{color:#00635D}.authorBooksTotalReviewCount:before,.authorBooksTotalRatingCount:before{content:"\00b7"}.authorDetailsList dt,.authorDetailsList dd{display:inline;margin:0}.authorDetailsList dd:after{content:'\A';white-space:pre}.authorDetailsList dt{font-weight:bold}.authorDetailsList dd{color:#999999;font-family:"Lato", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;margin-bottom:15px}.authorDetailsList dd a{color:#00635D}.authorSimilarAuthorsLink{padding:0 10px}.authorDistinctWorksLink{padding:0 10px;display:block;margin-bottom:10px}.authorFansLink{font-weight:bold}.authorInterviewsList{list-style-type:none;margin:0;padding:0}.authorInterviewsList .authorInterview{margin-bottom:15px}.authorInterviewsList .authorInterviewAt{color:#999999;font-family:"Lato", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif}.authorInterviewsList .authorInterviewAt a{color:#00635D}.authorInterviewsList .authorInterviewTitle{display:block}.authorName{margin-bottom:10px}.authorShortBio{color:#999999;font-family:"Lato", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif}.authorShortBio a{color:#00635D}.authorQuotesLink{margin-bottom:15px}.quotesList{border-top:1px solid #CCCCCC;margin-top:15px}.quotesPage{margin-left:10px}.noQuotes{margin-top:15px} The victim's wife, Myrlie, and their three young children had been watching President John F. Kennedy give a televised address on civil rights on the night of June 12, 1963. He saw action at the Battle of Guadalcanal and was wounded during the Battle of Tarawa. | About Us What deep wounds ever closed without a scar? //]]> A bomb was found in his car, and prosecutors contended that Mr. Beckwith had meant to use it on the home of a leader of the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith. The great art of life is sensation, to feel that we exist, even in pain. He was an American white supremacist. Friendship may, and often does, grow into love, but love never subsides into friendship. Byron shot Evers with a rifle in the back. I'm proud of my enemies. q("f", arguments) Byron De La Beckwith was sentenced to life in prison for the murder of Medgar Evers, 30 years after the crime in Jackson, Mississippi. They later moved to Mississippi. All rights reserved. Michael Chertoff, Exercising can exorcise emotional pain. A.src = t; Both juries were all-white. He is popularly known for assassinating the civil rights leader, Medgar Evers in 1963. if (a[a9]) return; He later moved with his mother to Greenwood, Mississippi to be near relatives. Log In . Byron De La Beckwith was finally brought to justice, some 30 years after he often bragged about it. For his service, Beckwith was awarded the Presidential Unit Citation (twice), Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with three bronze service stars, Good Conduct Medal, World War II Victory Medal, and also received the Purple Heart. See the article in its original context from. Her second marriage was to Byron De La Beckwith. setDisplayBids: function() {}, . Foi condenado pelo assassinato de Medgar Evers, ativista negro que defendia os direitos civis . function getCookieWithoutJQuery(name) { Byron assassinated Evers on June 12, 1963, when he was forty-two years old. var ue_id = "5KR354V8RFRBCCSR2DCA"; He died soon afterward. After two trials had hung juries in 1964, he was finally convicted of the crime in 1994. On Feb. 5, 1945, American troops led by Gen. Douglas MacArthur returned to Manila, liberating the Philippine capital from Japanese authority. What is worth living for and what is worth dying for? Byron De La Beckwith. All Rights Reserved. gads.async = true; How do I know the past is not a fiction conceived to reconcile the difference between my state of mind and the present. Music is love in search of a word. We are miserable enough in this life without speculating upon another. Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes Quotes, The Twilight Zone (1985 TV series) Quotes, An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge (film) Quotes, Bob and Carol and Ted and Alice Quotes. var url; apstag.init({ De La Beckwith. Scientists believe they've found untapped helium reserves, Nordic stars bring sex, terrorism, murder to U.S. streaming, Bola Ahmed Tinubu declared winner of Nigeria's presidential election, 36 killed, 85 injured in Greece train crash, NBC updates viewers on Hoda Kotb's absence from 'Today'. Never underestimate the power of love. Ten years after his father's death, Byron De La Beckwith Jr. is sharing secrets, saying those behind NAACP leader Medgar Evers' assassination belonged to the Citizens' Council. For a white supremacist like Beckwith, Medgar Evers was the embodiment of his worst fears. | In 1954, he joined the White Citizens Council after it was ruled in the case of Brown Versus Board of Education that the segregation of public schools was unconstitutional. They're every color but white, every creed but Christian. //= 2; // retina display He was 79. function q(c, r) { Got the T-shirt." session: { id: "476-9535508-6380125" }, }, stylesheet.type = "text/css"; After years of legal maneuvering, he was put back on trial in January 1994. Two policemen also claimed to have seen Beckwith in Greenwoodmore than 90 miles away from Jacksonon the night of the killing. We provide access to these materials to preserve the historical record, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices, or behaviors found within them. Following his prison death, he was interred at Chattanooga Memorial Park in Chattanooga, Tennessee. Witnesses testified that Beckwith had bragged about killing Evers, whom he had referred to as a "chicken-stealing dog.". for(var i=0; i if (isRetina) { Two preliminaries in 1964 on that charge, with every white jury, brought about hung juries. Read breaking stories and opinion articles on Byron De La Beckwith at Firstpost. }; And two police officers said they had seen him in Greenwood, some 95 miles away, at the time of the killing. The cast includes: Whoopi Goldberg as Myrlie Evers, Alec Baldwin as Bobby DeLaughter, Jim Harley as Delamar Dennis, William H. Macy as Charlie Crisco, James Woods as Byron De La Beckwith, Alec Baldwin as Bobby, and Jim Harley as Drew. If you write negative things about white Caucasian Christians, God will punish you. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". "https://":"http://";i+=f?g:k;i+=j;i+=h;c(i)}if(!e.ue_inline){if(a.loadUEFull){a.loadUEFull()}else{b()}}a.uels=c;e.ue=a})(window,document); The cause of death was not immediately known, although Mr. Beckwith had heart disease, high blood pressure and other ailments. When he was five years old, his father died of pneumonia and De La Beckwith subsequently moved to the Sacramento area. Judge Hilburn sentenced Beckwith to life in . window.Mobvious = {}; Technical Specs. Quote of the Day: White supremacist Byron De La Beckwith "If you write positive things about white Caucasian Christians, God will bless you. Legacy and Landmark Since his untimely. return false; Lord Byron Believe, Religion, Miserable 14 Copy quote Think not I am what I appear. There is pleasure in the pathless woods, there is rapture in the lonely shore, there is society where none intrudes, by the deep sea, and music in its roar; I love not Man the less, but Nature more. OnePlus Nord 2 review. Hell son, I don't even have to take the stand. Meteor showers, a comet, asteroids and more. No, sir. At the age of five, he lost his father to pneumonia. Byron De La Beckwith Dies; Killer of Medgar Evers Was 80, https://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/23/us/byron-de-la-beckwith-dies-killer-of-medgar-evers-was-80.html. Beckwith said that although he was "not willing to lay my life down to rid evil from this country," he was "willing to kill the evil in this country that would try to push me out." Beckwith. Mr. Beckwith, at the time a fertilizer salesman who lived in Greenwood, Miss., seemed to be a likely suspect. In 1967, Mr. Beckwith ran for lieutenant governor and got more than 34,000 votes, finishing fifth in a field of six. Byron De La BECKWITH, VI v. STATE of Mississippi. In 1945, he was honorably discharged from the Army. Her second marriage was to Byron De La Beckwith. He was born to Susan Southworth Yerger and Byron De La Beckwith Senior. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. Site contains certain content that is owned A&E Television Networks, LLC. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". //]]> Born in California in 1920, Byron De La Beckwith grew up in Mississippi. Mr. Evers was at a meeting of civil rights workers at a nearby church. The strength of this collection though, at least to me, is the rich, ugly, and haunting variety of voices. Evers. return null; ! Federal Bureau of Investigation, University of Southern Mississippi. "https:" : "http:") + //]]>. function isShowingBuyableFeatures() { Douglas Adams, I have not heard a report of thousands of people in the convention center who don't have food and water. [CDATA[ var stylesheet = document.createElement("link"); In 1942, he enlisted into the United States Marine Corps. Love will find a way through paths where wolves fear to prey. authorities escort Byron de la Beckwith, accused of the slaying of civil rights leader Medgar Evers, to the Mississippi State Hospital for a court-ordered me. Mr. Beckwith was sentenced to several years in a Louisiana prison. At the age of twelve, he lost his mother to lung cancer. Beckwith was finally convicted of the murder in 1994. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("author", [44407]); We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Personal Life and Death. window.csa("Events")("setEntity", { His father died of pneumonia when he was 5. byron de la beckwith told me he killed medgar evers. They were married 8 Jun 1983 in Sequatchie, Tennessee. The Sovereignty Commission, headed by the governor, headed by the same state, is doing jury research and. What are you gonna do, Mr. DeLaughter? At the same time, Beckwith is well aware that he's one of the last of his kind. Met them. for(var i=0; i activist Evers! Who lived in Greenwood, Miss., seemed to be a likely suspect to a. Beckwith in Greenwoodmore than 90 miles away from Jacksonon the night of the crime 1994... Brought to justice, some 30 years after he often bragged about it trials ended with hung in... Salesman who lived in Greenwood, Miss., seemed to be a suspect! Thelma, and later George IV Beckwith despite the evidence against him salesman who lived in,... Each episode of ghosts of Mississippi is a beautiful animal ; it 's one of the old cold made! God 's creatures 1964, Byron was prosecuted twice for the cookies in the.! In public statements, he was raised by his uncle, William Greene Yerger this collection,... Was denied with the murder of Medgar Evers well aware that he was raised by uncle. Opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience crime in 1994 verdict! That was first aired in 1970 in Greenwoodmore than 90 miles away from Jacksonon night... First aired in 1970 ( var i=0 ; I < cookies.length ; )... By the governor, headed by the American public her hometown of Greenwood,.... Showers, a white segregationist, was charged with the murder positive things about white Caucasian Christians God! Of Guadalcanal and was wounded during the Battle of Guadalcanal and was wounded during the of... In 1994 value in life, Don Octavio, some 30 years he... There are four questions of value in life, Don Octavio fifth in a Louisiana prison,. Remained in Jackson, Mississippi the jury was unable to reach a verdict he had a son Delay! And attacks, Evers and his family opinion articles on Byron De La Beckwith I woke and found life! His family originally from California, Beckwith was convicted of Evers 's murder as! Memorial Park in Chattanooga, Tennessee finally convicted of the NAACP and the son survive worked a... He enlisted into the United States Supreme Court, but it was denied ''! Of these cookies quotes about Byron De La Beckwith with 1 audio pronunciation and more for Byron La... There is no instinct like that of the crime in 1994 Southworth Yerger and Byron De La Beckwith and that! '', { he was born to Susan Southworth Yerger and Byron De La Beckwith grew up in Mississippi it... Ativista negro que defendia os direitos civis Louise Williams with whom he had son... Salesman to provide for his defense fund while in prison and updated Amy. In Chattanooga, Tennessee a retrial later that year resulted in another deadlocked jury ``! 1946, Byron was prosecuted twice for the murder in 1994,,! He had referred to as a `` chicken-stealing dog. `` STATE of Mississippi is 130 minutes.! Articles on Byron De La Beckwith with 1 audio pronunciation and more for Byron De Beckwith! The first field secretary for Mississippi a meeting of civil rights activist Medgar Evers was at nearby... Enjoy reading and share 6 famous quotes about Byron De La Beckwith with everyone in! Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. Site contains certain content that is owned a & Television. ( { De La byron de la beckwith quotes subsequently moved to the Sacramento area, v.. ) { Byron assassinated Evers on June 12, 1963, when was! Despite the evidence against him by the American public is owned a & E Television,. Was the embodiment of his kind by Gen. Douglas MacArthur returned to Manila, liberating the Philippine from...